ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to pollute; to contaminate; to soil; to disgrace; to dishonour; to dishonor
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
carefree; comfortable; at ease; easygoing; happy-go-lucky
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
writing brush; paintbrush; writing with a brush; drawing with a brush; writing (composing text); the written word
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
progress; pace; carriage; step; stage
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
house of parliament (congress, diet, etc.); graduate school; postgraduate school; institution (often medical); institutional building; sub-temple; minor temple building
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
to bite; to chew; to gnaw; to fumble one's words (esp. during a play, broadcast, etc.); to falter with one's words; to crash against (e.g. of waves); to break onto (shore)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
so; like this; in this way
large quantity; massive (quantity); mass (e.g. mass production, mass transit, mass destruction)
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information