indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
authority; expert; counter for messages, letters, notes, documents, etc.; understanding (esp. of male-female relations); tact; supernatural powers
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
exclamation of surprised disappointment, disgust, or worry (yuck, ick, ack, eeew, crap!, blech, gross)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
quickly; at once; right away; hurriedly
to release; to let go; to free; to add (pieces of eggplant, potato, etc.) to water, broth, etc.
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
bonze; monk; monk's dwelling; boy; son; I; me
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
resentment; grudge; malice; matter for regret; regret