time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568 CE); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition
fierce battle; hard-fought battle; hot contest; severe fight
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
Musashi (former province located in parts of present-day Tokyo, Kanagawa and Saitama prefectures)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
suddenly; all of a sudden
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
raging fire; conflagration
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai
dragon (as depicted in Western myths)
Kanto; region consisting of Tokyo and surrounding prefectures; Kanto; north-eastern half of Japan (during the feudal era)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to extol; to sing the praises of; to celebrate; to declare; to stipulate; to express
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
attribute; property; context; character class, type, fetish, etc.
user; consumer; master (e.g. of swordsmanship); prodigal; spendthrift
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tear; to rip; to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach; to defeat; to beat; to break (e.g. silence)
what did you just say (to me)?; what's that?
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
beach; seashore; captured pieces (in the game of go); captured stones; Yokohama; (arch.) riverbank
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
superior; special class; higher than A class; extraordinary
to step back; to move back; to withdraw (from the presence of a superior); to leave; to resign; to retire
adds force or indicates command
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
back; reverse; rear side; height; stature; ridge (of a mountain)
to carry on one's back; to be burdened with; to take responsibility for; to have (something) in the background; to be in front (of something); to be conceited
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
till; to; concerning (an area of expertise); swearing by (one's sword, God, etc.)
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)