aaah!; oooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to check; to hold back; to keep at bay; to stop; to prevent; to stem
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to hurt; to ache; to feel a pain; to be injured; to be spoiled (e.g. food); to be damaged
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
(hair) rinse; (hair) conditioner
to replace; to substitute; to shift; to change places
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
bubble; foam; froth; head on beer
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
headmaster; principal; dean; provost; rector
escape; break-out; prolapse; proptosis
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
observation; survey; watching
disposal; throwing away; dealing with (a problem); measure; punishment; penalty
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
trace; tracks; site; remains; scar
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
buttocks; behind; undersurface; bottom; last place; end
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she