be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
extermination; annihilation
war; battle; match; game; competition
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be affected; to be influenced; to be concerned with; to have to do with; to stick to (opinions)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
supreme ruler; generalissimo; president (of Taiwan); führer; fuehrer
aid; help; assistance; assistant; counselor; counsellor
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
front-facing; forward-looking; positive; constructive
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
gap; space; break; interlude; chink (in one's armor, armour); chance
to cut off the head of a sleeping person; to assassinate someone while they sleep; to catch someone off their guard by setting traps
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
verbal message; word (from someone)
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to loiter; to putter; to prowl; to be confused from not knowing what to do
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
first lieutenant; lieutenant junior grade
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
in that way; thus; so; so?