indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
man; male; masculine gender
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to represent; to signify; to reveal; to show; to express; to make widely known
woman; female; feminine gender
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to cross; to intersect; to associate with; to mingle with; to have a sexual relationship; to copulate
that is to say; so that means
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
perpetual youth and longevity; immortality
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
(some) more; even more; longer; further
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
for example; for instance; e.g.
God; god; ace; king; superior person
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to tie; to bind; to fasten; to restrict (freedom); to tie down (with rules, regulations, etc.); to fetter
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
to drag down; to pull down; to force out (of power, office, role, etc.)
myself; oneself; (arch.) I; (arch.) me; (arch.) you (referring to one's inferior)
one part; one portion; one section; one copy (e.g. of a document)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement