indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
clanging (of a bell); jangling; ding-dong; continuously; incessantly; one after another
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
to become less crowded; to thin out; to get empty; to be hungry
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rice cracker; senbei; Japanese cracker; rice cookie; wafer
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to put on weight; to gain weight; to grow fat; to get stout
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
long thin brown "naoko" mushroom
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to become thin; to lose weight; to reduce (one's) weight; to be barren; to be infertile; to be sterile
focusing on only one thing; obsessively; intensely; selfish; self-serving
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
dessert stomach; having room for dessert despite being full