honorific/polite/humble prefix
degree; extent; (health) condition; state of health; adjustment; moderation; addition and subtraction
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about; questionable
stand; rack; support; holder; counter for machines, incl. vehicles; setting (e.g. in jewellery); level (e.g. price level)
so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
six ministries (of Zhou-dynasty China)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
court council; privy council
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
sum; harmony; peace; Japan; Japanese-style
state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
stagnant water; still water; water stopping
countryside; country; 50-home township (comprised of 2-3 neighbourhoods)
head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
beautiful riverside location; lakeside district; canal district
counter for leaves in a book (esp. one with traditional Japanese-style binding); counter for blocks of tofu; counter for servings in a restaurant; counter for long and narrow things such as guns, scissors, spades, hoes, inksticks, palanquins, candles, jinrikishas, shamisen, oars, etc.; even number; 109.09 m
ascending and descending; going up and down
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
offense; offence; crime; guilt; punishment
dismissal (from a position); discharge
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to reach; to amount to; to be up to the task; to come up to; to compare with; to be a match (for)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indictment; prosecution; complaint
himself; yourself; herself
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
wild goose; glans; head of a penis
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
like this; this sort; this way
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as