copy; photocopy; blurb on a book jacket; catch copy
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to kick; to refuse; to reject; to stamp (on the ground); to firmly press one's feet (against something)
with a slap; with a pop; without batting an eyelid; generously; cutesy suffix applied to names
television; TV; TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
in a daze; absent-mindedly; dimly; hazily; with a roar (of flames); with a whoosh
zapping (through TV channels); channel surfing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to praise; to commend; to compliment; to speak well of; to speak highly of
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to reward; to recompense; to repay; to retaliate; to get revenge
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
axis; shaft; center; centre; stalk; stem
to be blurred (due to motion; of a photo, video, etc.); to be shaken (of a camera); to waver (in one's beliefs, policy, etc.); to shift (position); to be slightly off
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to sit upright; to sit up straight; to take a defiant attitude; to become aggressive; to take the offensive
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to turn up; to roll up (e.g. sleeves); to do over and over again; to do relentlessly; to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.); to come from behind
to shiver; to shake; to quake; to tremble; to quaver; to quiver
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
(following a verb) to be sure to; to do (something) so that ...; to make sure to; to try to
to slide; to slip off; to get dislocated; to be out of alignment; to get dislodged; to deviate
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder