called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
indicates two contrasting actions; (arch.) indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)
cloudiness; cloudy weather; fog (on a mirror, glasses, etc.); cloud (e.g. in marble); gloom; dejection
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
please (give me); please (do for me)
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
roll (e.g. of cloth); winding (e.g. watch); volume (of book); speeding up; heel (of a Japanese sandal)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
honorific/polite/humble prefix
two persons; two people; pair; couple
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to give the stamp of approval
honest; frank; candid; honestly; frankly
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
value; worth; virtue; blessing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding