yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
style; manner; way; after (period of time) again (e.g. meeting again after a year); for the first time in (period of time)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
cum (e.g. bedroom-cum-study); holding both roles (e.g. Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs); and; in addition; concurrently; at the same time
suffix for familiar person
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
pole; rod; line; dash; spoken monotonously
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
shrine; palace; imperial residence; Imperial prince; Imperial princess; headboard with built-in shelves, drawers, etc.
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
in itself; the thing itself; this itself; for its own sake; per se
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to have meaning; to be meaningful
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to kill one's enemy (opponent)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this world; this life; world of the living
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
holiness; sacredness; sanctity; dignity
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed