indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Reinhard; Reinhardt; Reinhart
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
February; second month of the lunar calendar
twenty-second day of the month; twenty-two days
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
to come down; to go down; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to deteriorate
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
side; edge; beside; while (doing); in addition to; at the same time
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to reach; to amount to; to be up to the task; to come up to; to compare with; to be a match (for)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
older sister; elder sister
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
generation of heat; (attack of) fever; pyrexia
to inform; to notify; to know; to reign
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience