history of; experience of
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
September; ninth month of the lunar calendar
seventh day of the month; seven days
inspector general; commissioner
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
re-; again; repeated; deutero-; deuto-; deuter-
personal (affairs, reasons, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
trouble; bother; annoyance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
like this; this sort; this way
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
pardon; forgiveness; tolerance; leniency; mercy; going easy (on someone)
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Reinhard; Reinhardt; Reinhart
marriage proposal; courtship
regarding; in; to; towards; with regards to
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
clear; precise; definite; distinct
decision; determination; resolution
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)