at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to untie; to unfasten; to unsew; to unstitch; to solve; to work out; to dispel (misunderstanding, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); younger stepbrother
above anything else; above all; more than anything; best; greatest; excellent
complexion; one's colour; one's color; countenance; expression; one's face
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be surprised; to be astonished
personal affair; one's own affair
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Lord; Sir; state minister (under the ritsuryo system); (arch.) you (in reference to someone of lower status)
to match (rhythm, speed, etc.); to join together; to unite; to face; to be opposite (someone); to compare; to check with
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; proper; rightful
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
shamelessly; acting brazenly unaffected; being resigned to (disgrace)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
honorific/polite/humble prefix
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
looks (esp. of a woman); features; ability; capability; (public) estimation (esp. of a man); credit
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
civil affairs; civil case