thorny shrub; wild rose; briar; thorn; cusp
state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
imperial mausoleum; Emperor's tomb; big hill
to face; to go towards; to head towards
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
appeal; call for something; request; axiom
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go in the direction of; to proceed toward; to become; to face (facts, circumstances, etc.); (arch.) to abide by; (arch.) to agree to
absence; being away from home; house-sitting; house-sitter; being left unattended to (of one's studies, etc.); neglecting
Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han, noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei, father of Emperor Cao Pi; the main villain of novel the Romance of Three Kingdoms
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
to be accompanied by; to be attended by; to take along (someone); to conquer; to subjugate; to subdue
refugee; displaced person; person inconvenienced by (lack of something); person unable to satisfactorily (marry, shop, etc.)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
sacrifice; victim; sacrifice (to a deity)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
empty; void; vain; fruitless; lifeless
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
disappointing (end, result, etc.); sad; miserable; tragic; fleeting; transient
one's last moment; one's death; one's end
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to arrive at (a certain outcome); to come to; to end with
barely; narrowly; only just; with difficulty
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
escape; break-out; prolapse; proptosis
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
to rely on; to depend on; to count on; to turn to (for help)
scaffold; scaffolding; foothold; footing; foothold (e.g. in business); foundation
to harden; to freeze; to put together; to collect; to make secure; to stabilize; to fortify