Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
commonwealth; federation of states; confederation; union
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
unity; consolidation; uniformity; unification; compatible
altitude; height; elevation; high-degree; high-grade; advanced
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
mind; spirit; attitude; mentality; spirit (of a matter); essence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
apathy; lassitude; lethargy; languor
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to change into; to convert into; to transform; to be reduced; to influence; to improve (someone)
depravity; corruption; degradation
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
one day; (on) a certain day
strange; unfamiliar; mysterious; suspicious; (lit.) of an unknown nature
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
coming flying in (migratory birds, airborne sand, pollen, etc.); coming by airplane
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
to stick into; to pierce; to run into
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
dreadful; terrible; horrible; fearsome; formidable; awesome
space alien; alien; extraterrestrial being
domination; rule; direction; management; control (e.g. over one's emotions); determining (e.g. one's fate)
advance notice; previous note; preliminary announcement; trailer (film, TV); preview
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
in that way; thus; so; so?
to doubt; to distrust; to be suspicious of; to suspect
10^8; 100,000,000; hundred million
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then