number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
place; spot; field; discipline; occasion; situation; scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryo period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
honorific/polite/humble prefix
please (give me); please (do for me)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
well-matched (esp. of a couple); becoming; suitable
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
vigilance; caution; alertness; precaution; being on guard
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bear a grudge against; to resent; to blame; to curse; to feel bitter towards
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
rather; better; instead; if anything
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
scientific capability; scientific ability (e.g. of a student); scientific strength (e.g. of a country); level of technological development
to underrate; to belittle; to look down on; to despise
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
crocodile; alligator; (arch.) shark
domination; rule; direction; management; control (e.g. over one's emotions); determining (e.g. one's fate)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so