Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to bail out (water); to scoop out
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
nonsense; irresponsible remark; codswallop; random; haphazard; unsystematic
to blow into; to breathe into; to inspire; to indoctrinate; to record (music, video, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
unskillful; poor; awkward; imprudent; untactful
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)