indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
suffix for familiar person
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
dry riverbed; river beach
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to collect; to assemble; to gather
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
you bastard!; you son of a bitch!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
incredible; unbelievable; terrific; impressive
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
attractive; good-looking; stylish; cool; smooth; neat
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
to cease; to desist; to cut it out; to lay off (an activity); to drop (a subject) to abolish; to resign
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)