indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
suffix for familiar person
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be born again; to make a fresh start in life
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to drip; to drop; to trickle; to overflow (with freshness, beauty, etc.)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
many; a lot; much; multitude
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
phantom; vision; illusion; extremely rare item