until now; so far; up to the present
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shake off; to shake free from; to swing completely (bat, club, etc.); to take a full swing; to break off from (pursuer); to pull away
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
propulsion; drive; promotion (of a policy, project, movement, etc.); furtherance; advancement
company; lot; bunch; troupe; company (of musicians)
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
attack; offence; dominant partner of a homosexual relationship; a barrage of; a flood of
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
deep emotion; impression; inspiration
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid