thank you for waiting; sorry to have kept you waiting
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
farce; charade; person who serves tea; short and humorous improvised sketch (originating from Edo-era kabuki)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
soon; in a moment; nearby; close; direct; spot transaction
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
genuine; real; full-scale; full-blown; full-fledged; professional
outbreak of war; starting a war
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to one's heart's content; as much as one wants
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go mad; to lose one's mind; to get out of order; to go amiss; to go wrong (of a plan or expectation, etc.); to fall through
to be disordered; to be disarranged; to be discomposed; to be upset; to lapse into chaos (due to war, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
just now; at this moment; at this point of time
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
Lord; Sir; state minister (under the ritsuryo system); (arch.) you (in reference to someone of lower status)
to lift up; to hold up; to give; to offer; to devote; to sacrifice
licensed or qualified or eligible person
to chip; to nick; to break; to lack
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
gold (Au); golden; prosperous; money (esp. ōban coin); cash
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
grace; favor; favour; blessing; benefit
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to grant; to give; to confer; to teach; to instruct; to impart (knowledge)
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that