winter vacation; winter holidays
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
New Year (esp. first three days); first month of the year; January
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
fruit of a tree; nut; berry
suffix for familiar person
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
club activities; extracurricular activities
morning training (e.g. before school)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)