if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; heigh-ho; to butter up; to suck up to
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
often; again and again; over and over again; repeatedly; frequently
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
shopping; purchased goods
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
honorific/polite/humble prefix
dried sweet potato; satsuma sweet potato steamed, sliced and dried
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
the seven treasures (gold, silver, pearls, agate, crystal, coral, lapis lazuli); cloisonne ware; shippō pattern (of overlapping circles); shippō emblem
suffix for familiar person
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn; to revolve; to visit several places; to function well; to pass a certain time
adds force or indicates command
Maitreya (Bodhisattva); Miroku
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
long ago; already; a long time ago
confluence (of rivers); merge (of traffic); conflux; union (e.g. of forces); linking up; merging
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
phew; whew; huff; whoo; wohoo
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
returning home; visiting one's parents; new bride's first visit to parents
coming flying in (migratory birds, airborne sand, pollen, etc.); coming by airplane