head of the student council; president of the student council
selection; choice; choosing; picking; election
news flash; prompt report; bulletin; quick announcement
moving forward (e.g. vehicle); onward movement; advance (work, procedure, etc.); advancement; progress (of a disease); disease progression
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
control; management (e.g. of a business)
(committee) chairman; president
underground spring; Hades; hell; underworld
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass (of time); to elapse
from here; from this place
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to pile up; to heap up; to stir up; to enliven; to bring to a climax
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
now; the present time; just now; another; more
vote; ballot; label; ticket; tag
to collect; to assemble; to gather
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
number; number plate; license plate
moving (to a new place); moving in; transfer (to a new school)
as soon as...; just after...; immediately after...; hurriedly; in haste; quickly
director; executive; officer; official; person in charge
one by one; one after another; successively
number one; first; best; most; game; round
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
snake; serpent; large snake
cool (temperature, color, etc.); cool (i.e. calm and collected); cool (i.e. fashionable, attractive, etc.); course (of medical treatment); season (series) of a television program (usu. 13 installments over a 3-month period)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
opposite; reverse; contrary