indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(in gagaku or noh) middle section of a song
anti-; antithesis; fanqie; traditional Chinese spelling system in which two characters are used: the first one for the onset, the second one for rhyme and tone
important point (e.g. on a route); important role (responsibility, etc.); opposition
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
that's the way it is; such is life
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
tear; rip; breach; spoilage; waste; wastepaper
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
adds force or indicates command
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to break through; to penetrate; to pierce
mysterious presence; mysterious atmosphere; aura of mystery
ghostly air; weird air; unearthly atmosphere
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be mixed; to be blended with; to be combined; to associate with; to mingle with; to interest
given that ... it is only natural that ...; ... being the case, it is unavoidable that ...; (precisely) because ...; contrary to expectations ...
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
mixing; mixture; meld; miscegenation
counter for parts, stages, installments, etc. (of a story, series, project, campaign, etc.); counter for bullets
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
guy; fellow; chap; bastard; asshole; arsehole
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
terrific; fierce; terrible; tremendous; dreadful; awful
cooked rice; meal; food; one's living; livelihood
player (of a sport); athlete; team member
super-; ultra-; extremely; really; over; more than
soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
pair; the two; both persons; both things
life and death; samsara (cycle of death and rebirth); death
unclear; obscure; unknown; unidentified; ignorance; lack of wisdom