ladies' (fashion, etc.); female bōsōzoku gang
nightlife districts; drinking districts
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to glitter; to glisten; to sparkle; to twinkle; to glare; to gleam
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
basket (shopping, etc.); hamper; cage
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
welcome!; nice to see you!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
dukedom; duchy; principality
famous picture; masterpiece (painting); film classic
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
gem; jewel; precious stone
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
arrival in Japan; coming to Japan; visit to Japan
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
even a little; any at all; if only a little; no matter how little
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
to see (a doctor, etc.); to consult (someone)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
of course; certainly; naturally
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
I; me; personal (affairs, etc.); private; selfishness; partiality
leaving a decision to someone else (often of a meal to be selected by the chef); omakase
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do