indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
on and after; as from; hereafter; thereafter; since
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
ago; since; before; previous
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to float; to be suspended; to rise to the surface; to appear; to come to mind; to have inspiration
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
seal; to seal (e.g. a letter); to affix a seal; to seal up
to tear; to rip; to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach; to defeat; to beat; to break (e.g. silence)
entry; approach; penetration
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember