ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
last night; yesterday evening
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
condominium (usu. mid or high-rise); apartment building; apartment house; block of flats; apartment; flat
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
counter for buildings (esp. houses); suffix for a pen name, stage name, etc.
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
in that way; thus; so; so?
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
after that; afterwards; thereafter
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
other party; other side; ahead; in front; destination
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question