by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
wisdom; wit; sagacity; prajna (insight leading to enlightenment)
research society; study class (e.g. religious); seminar (e.g. presentation of research)
what did you just say (to me)?; what's that?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
base; mean; vulgar; despicable; low
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
low birth; humble origin; lowly; base; vulgar
waste; scrap; garbage; scum; piece of trash; loser
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to unite; to join; to do together; to confuse with
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
equation; formula; ceremony; style; (arch.) enforcement regulations (of the ritsuryo)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
originally; by nature; from the start