yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
serious; important; significant; grave; weighty
large number (of); many; majority
outbreak; spring forth; generation (e.g. of power or heat); genesis; ontogeny; development of complex multicellular structures from cell(s) in a simple state
assistance; support; subsidy; supplement; auxiliary; subsidiary
substantiation; materialization; materialisation; (specific to object language classes) instantiation
plate (often as in "tectonic plate")
transfer; redirection; transmission; forwarding (telephone call, e-mail, etc.)
failure; mistake; blunder
emergency measure; emergency procedures; first-aid treatment; stop-gap treatment; temporary repairs
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
phantom; vision; illusion; extremely rare item
body; physique; shape; form; substance; identity; field
loss (of assets, profit, etc.)
rate; ratio; proportion; percentage
rushing into; breaking into; storming; plunging into (war, etc.); embarking on (a new venture)
collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval
and (also); both ... and; as well as
restoration (to original state or location); reconstruction; reversion
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inevitable; inescapable; unavoidable
goodbye; so long; saying goodbye to (e.g. life as a bachelor); putting an end to; farewell (performance, party, etc.); final
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
interest; entertainment; pleasure; implicit comparison (style of the Shi Jing)
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
aloneness; loneliness; solitude
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?