well then ...; in that situation; in which case
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
knowing; (an) acquaintance
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
recital (i.e. of music, by a pupil); presentation (e.g. product launch)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
another school; other schools
drama club (e.g. at school); dramatic society
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
chorus; singing in a chorus
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
every year; yearly; annually
established practice; custom
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
in that way; thus; so; so?
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
(something) has never occurred; to have never done (something); such a thing has not happened; never happens; there is never a time when
now; the present time; just now; another; more
host (of a party, summit, etc.); host (of male host club)
common; shared; to be common (to); to be shared (by); -wide
luxury grocery item (e.g. alcohol, coffee, tea, tobacco); indulgence; something consumed for taste or stimulant effect rather than nourishment
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
manager (e.g. of a business, an idol, etc.); in a sports team (esp. at school) someone who does the routine drudge work
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like