trouble; bother; annoyance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
high praise; great admiration; rave reviews
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
Utsunomiya (city in Tochigi)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
(Ogura) Hyakunin Isshu; classical Japanese anthology of one hundred Japanese waka by one hundred poets; hyakunin isshu karuta; hyakunin isshu poetry cards
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
family; relatives; dependents; household
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
Mr; Mrs; clan; he; him; counter for people
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
rate; ratio; proportion; percentage
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
simultaneously; all at once; in unison
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...