(initial) setup; installation
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
artificial intelligence; AI
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
second (unit of time); arc second
the same; the said; likewise
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
startup; booting up; activation; starting (e.g. engine, computer); launch
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
basics; fundamentals; basis; foundation
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
at once; immediately; right away; directly (face, lead to, etc.); automatically (mean, result in, etc.)
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger (on two-way radio)
establishment; founding; incorporation (of a business)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to go upstream; to go back (in time, to origin); to date back to; to trace back to
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
international; worldwide; cross-border; cosmopolitan
defense; defence; protection
organization; organisation; structure; construction; system (e.g. railroad, transport, party, etc.); tissue; texture (of a rock)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
reserve; spare; preparation; preliminaries
stage; step; level; rank; order; stairs
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
(United States of) America; United States; US; America (land mass); the Americas
commencing with; including
each nation; many nations; many countries
robot; (mere) puppet; pawn; figurehead
technology; engineering; technique; skill; art; craft
offer; tender; providing; sponsoring (a TV program)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryo system)