indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stop; to quit; to put an end to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to put on (one's head); to wear; to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
string; cord; man who is financially dependent on a woman; gigolo; restrictions; conditions
to stretch; to extend; to straighten out; to be flattened; to spread (of paint, cream, etc.); to stretch out (e.g. of a hand); to extend
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
(I) will; (I) shall; let's; (I) wonder (if); might it be (that); hey
freebie (e.g. with a purchase); something additional; price reduction; discount; exaggeration
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
farewell; adieu; goodbye; so long
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
adds force or indicates command
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
to be much obliged (to someone); to receive favor (favour); to be indebted; to be grateful
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in that way; thus; so; so?
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
unsociable; unfriendly; blunt; surly; curt; cold
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for