indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to betray; to turn traitor to; to double-cross
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to play (a stringed or keyboard instrument)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
together; at the same time; same; identical
someone (unspecified, but someone in particular); a certain person
loveable; very likeable; like very much
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
young and energetic; up-and-coming
second marriage; remarriage