indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
failure; mistake; blunder
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
good luck; fortune; happiness; harvest; yield
unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; death (usu. of a relative); bereavement
those (near the second person)
beforehand; in advance; previously
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be born; to come into the world
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
wealthy; rich; affluent; well-off
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
starvation; famine; hunger
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
war; fighting; fierce competition
right in the midst of; right at the height of
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
God; god; ace; king; superior person
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
unthinkable; unexpected; absolutely not!; far from it!; (it was) no bother at all; not at all
unreasonable; irrational; outrageous; absurd
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
cruel; brutal; ruthless; merciless; inhuman
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity