alien (from another planet)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
home country; one's own country; suzerain country (from the perspective of the vassal state); colonizing country; country of one's ancestors; this country
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be caught; to be arrested; to hold on to; to grasp; to find (e.g. proof); to get (e.g. a taxi)
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
strangeness; abnormality; disorder
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to get torn; to tear; to rip; to be broken off (of negotiations, etc.); to break down; to collapse
hard fight; close game; struggle; tight contest
to force; to compel; to coerce; to press; to impose
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
close combat; close(-quarter) fighting; in-fighting
to proceed though deadlocked; to be carried over (e.g. to next meeting); to go into a shootout (e.g. sport)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
by means of; due to; because of; according to
defeat; loss; reverse; setback
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to miss (capturing); to fail to catch; to let slip
shudder; shiver; trembling with fear
decoy (for hunting); stool; lure; decoy; stool pigeon
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
colonization; colonisation
Chinese "star" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); Singapore