phew; whew; huff; whoo; wohoo
sleepy; drowsy; somnolent
suffix for familiar person
thanks (for coming, helping, etc.); glad you could make it; tiredness; fatigue
evening; last night; yesterday evening
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
party; banquet; reception; feast; dinner
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
waitress (in a ryokan or traditional restaurant); hostess
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
tea (usu. green); tea break (at work); tea ceremony
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
cake served with tea; teacake
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
holiday; day off; sleep; rest; Good night
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(arch.) southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south); (arch.) South-East Asia; (arch.) Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies); exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style); (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm); nanban; dish prepared using chili peppers and Welsh onions
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
confectionery; sweets; candy; cake
don't you think?; indicates question
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
pharmacy; drugstore; chemist's (shop); pharmacist; druggist; chemist
master (of a house, shop, etc.); husband; sir; boss; patron of a mistress, geisha, bar or nightclub hostess; sugar daddy
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
to be saved; to be rescued; to escape harm; to be spared damage; to be helped; to be saved trouble
no!; no no!; no, not at all
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
old friend; familiar face
though; although; be that as it may; nonetheless