be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
corridor; hallway; passageway
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
cunning deed; sly trick; foul play; cunning person; sly fellow; cheat
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
weird; ominous; eerie; uncanny; ghastly
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
skin; body (in the context of intimate bodily contact); surface; grain (e.g. of wood); disposition; temperament
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
blood (in one's face, cheeks, etc.); colour; color; hot-bloodedness; hotheadedness; impulsive temperament
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
staring (e.g. eyes); goggling; glaring
yikes!; eek!; ook; eek; customer
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
whirr; hum; buzz; whoosh; woosh; whiz
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
preceptor or high priest (esp. in Zen or Pure Land Buddhism); preceptor or high priest (in Tendai or Kegon Buddhism); preceptor or high priest (in Shingon, Hosso, Ritsu or Shin Buddhism); second highest priestly rank in Buddhism; monk (esp. the head monk of a temple); master (of one's art, trade, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
honorific/polite/humble prefix
curse; spell; malediction
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
memorial service for the dead; holding a service
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
although I say; although one might say; although called
to talk; to chat; to chatter
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!