to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
adds force or indicates command
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
arm; skill; efforts; ability
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
particle; atom; little piece; not at all; not the slightest
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
memory; sense; experience
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
oh!; ah!; oh dear!; good grief!; dear me!; thank God!
running alone; running solo; having a large lead (over the others); being far ahead (of everyone else); having one's own way; ignoring others' opinions and acting as one wishes
habit (often a bad habit, i.e. vice); tendency; peculiarity; idiosyncrasy; crease; wrinkle
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)