hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
companion; company; tritagonist
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
these guys; these fellows
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to be in time (for); to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to turn one's hand to; to reach out one's hand; to get involved in; to make a move on; to strike; to beat
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
atmosphere; mood; a certain air; presence; (Earth's) atmosphere
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
please (give me); please (do for me)
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
to distinguish oneself; to stand out
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
personal grudge; personal enmity
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
for the present; for the time being; for a while (from now); for some time (to come)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support