to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
to be saved; to be rescued; to escape harm; to be spared damage; to be helped; to be saved trouble
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
trouble; problem; mess; difficulty; nuisance
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to notice; to become aware; to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to recover consciousness; to come to oneself
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
at once; immediately; right now
preparation; arrangements
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
is it?; isn't it?; be; is
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit