indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
how; in what way; how about
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
reward; recompense; return; punishment; retribution
hateful; abominable; poor-looking; amazing; fantastic; admirable
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
you (primarily used by males when addressing their male equals or inferiors)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
(not) even once; (not) ever
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
bowl; vessel; container; ability; capacity; calibre
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
Britain (island); Great Britain