indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
tenth day of the month; ten days
suffix for familiar person
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
affinity; compatibility; chemistry (between people)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
feather; plume; wing; shuttlecock (in badminton)
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to eat; to drink; to receive (e.g. a blow); to be on the receiving end (of something undesirable); to undergo (trouble)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
passion; enthusiasm; zeal
to be resurrected; to be resuscitated; to be rehabilitated; to be recalled (e.g. memories); to be brought back
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
entrails; giblets; tripe; offal
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry