indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
far away; distant place; long ago; far back; by far
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
to be useful; to be helpful; to serve the purpose
junk; rubbish; trash; garbage; odds and ends
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
tool; implement; means; furniture
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
myself; yourself; I; me; you
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to take; to carry (something) away; to bear
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
to smell; to smell of; to have a smell
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...