civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
civilization and enlightenment; Japan's Westernization movement during the Meiji era (Westernisation)
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata); ape; sly person; idiot; hick; sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut); clasp used to control the height of a pot-hook
no more than; just; only; mere; goes no further than
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to tear; to rip; to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach; to defeat; to beat; to break (e.g. silence)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
consequence; outcome; result; blame
to steal; to plagiarize; to steal (a technique, idea, etc.); to do stealthily; to do during scant time; to steal a base
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
X; x; unknown quantity; an unknown
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
I see; that's right; indeed
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
capitulation; surrender; submission; yield
if so; in that case; in that situation
to mediate; to intervene; to smooth