indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
New Year (esp. first three days); first month of the year; January
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
established practice; custom
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
leading part; leading actor; leading actress
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
marathon; long-distance race
actual state (of things); real state; live; on-the-scene; reporting live; live coverage
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
goal; basket (basketball); finishing line; Gaul
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
familiar; well-known; regular (e.g. customer); old stand-by
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
leading group (of runners in a marathon, etc.); leading pack
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
glaringly; dazzlingly; blazingly
wretched; miserable; shameful; mean; despicable; abject
opening fully; full throttle; full power
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
trespassing; intrusion; to barge into; to burst into; to trespass
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
bungler; greenhorn; clumsy; poor hand
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
miso lees; miso strainings; miso dregs; child who is made light of; child who is left out of games; immature child or person