yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
almost; roughly; approximately
all; whole; entire; complete (set); in total
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
failing mark (e.g. in exam)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
study; diligence; discount; reduction
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
unemployed person; vagabond; floater; day labourer (esp. on the docks)
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
policy; course; plan (of action); magnetic needle
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to take something into ...; to bring in; to lodge (a complaint); to file (a plan); to bring to (a state: tied game, vote, trial, etc.)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
suffix for familiar person
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
ghost; apparition; goblin; monster; something unusually large
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!