present age; present day; today; modern era; modern times
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
war; fighting; fierce competition
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
meaning; significance; sense
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to ask a question; to begin to ask a question
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to stand (still) a while; to loiter; to stop
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yikes!; eek!; ook; eek; customer
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
key; lock; key (to a problem); clue
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
hello; good day; good afternoon
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
(your) daughter; young woman
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
chief (of police); head (of office)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do